Actual Freedom – Definitions

Definitions

Palingenesia; Palter; Paltericity; Panacea 

Paranoia; Paraphrasis; Parenthesis

Pariahdom; Patronise; Peace; Peaceable; Pearler 

Pentateuch/ Prophets/ Hagiographa


Palingenesia:

palingenesia (n.; also, palingenesis palingenesy): the doctrine that a soul passes through several bodies in a series of rebirths; (adj.): palingenetic; (n.): palingenesist; (adj.): palingenesian. [from New Latin, from Greek πάλιν (palin), ‘again’, ‘anew’, + γένεσις (génesis), ‘genesis’, ‘production’]. ~ (Ologies & Isms Dictionary).

palingenesis (n., also palingenesia, palingenesy; pl. palingeneses): 1. rebirth; regeneration; (adj.): palingenetic; (adv.): palingenetically. [1615-25; fr. New Latin from Greek pálin, ‘again’ + génesis, ‘origin’, ‘source’, derivative (with -sis) of gígnesthai, ‘to beget’, ‘to be born’]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary).

• palingenesia (n.): see palingenesis; (viz.: 1. a new birth; a re-creation; a regeneration; a continued existence in a different manner or form; 2. the passing over of the soul of one person or animal into the body of another person or animal, at the time of the death of the first; the transmigration of souls; called also metempsychosis; (viz.: from Latin, from Greek μετεμφύχωσις; μετα, ‘beyond’, ‘over’ + ὲμφυχοῠν, ‘to animate’; ὲν, ‘in’ + φυχή, ‘soul’; the passage of the soul, as an immortal essence, at the death of the animal body it had inhabited, into another living body, whether of a brute or a human being; transmigration of souls; “A great part of Antiquity contented their hopes of subsistency with a transmigration of their souls”. Sir Thomas Browne, 1605-1682, Chapter Five, “Hydriotaphia, Urn Burial, or, Sepulchral Urns”). ~ (Webster’s 1913 Dictionary).

• palingenesis (n.): 1. rebirth; regeneration; 2. (a.) embryonic development which reproduces the ancestral features of the species; (b.) a former theory that organisms are generated from other organisms preformed in the germ cells; 3. the doctrine of transmigration of souls; (adj.): palingenetic. [1615-25; from New Latin from Greek pálin, ‘again’ + génesis, ‘origin’, ‘source’, derivative (with -sis) of gígnesthai, ‘to beget’]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary).

• palingenesis (n.; pl. palingeneses): 1. the doctrine of transmigration of souls; metempsychosis; 2. (biology): the repetition by a single organism of various stages in the evolution of its species during embryonic development; (adj.): palingenetic; (adv.): palingenetically. [Greek palin, ‘again’ + genesis; Latin, from Greek, ‘birth’, ‘origin’]. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary).

• palingenesis (n.; pl. palingenesises): 1. spiritual rebirth through metempsychosis of Christian baptism; 2. (biology) another name for recapitulation; (viz.: ‘the apparent repetition in the embryonic development of an animal of the changes which occurred during its evolutionary history’); cf. caenogenesis (viz.: “the development of structures and organs in an embryo or larva which are adaptations to its way of life and are not retained in the adult form”); (adj.): palingenetic;ˌ (adv.): palingenetically. [C19: from Greek palin, ‘again’ + genesis, ‘birth’]. ~ (Collins English Dictionary).

• palingenesis (n.; also palingenesia, palingenesy): 1. partial or complete regeneration; 2. the doctrine that a soul passes through several bodies in a series of rebirths; (adj.): palingenetic; (n.): palingenesist; (adj.): palingenesian. ~ (Ologies & Isms Dictionary).

• palingenesis is a concept of rebirth or re-creation, used in various contexts in philosophy, theology, politics, and biology. Its meaning stems from Greek palin, meaning ‘again’, and genesis, meaning ‘birth’. In biology, it is another word for recapitulation—the phase in the development of an organism in which its form and structure pass through the changes undergone in the evolution of the species. In theology, the word can be used to refer to reincarnation and Christian spiritual rebirth symbolised by baptism. (...). In philosophy it denotes in its broadest sense the theory (e.g. of the Pythagoreans) that the human soul does not die with the body but is born again in new incarnations. It is thus the equivalent of metempsychosis. The term has a narrower and more specific use in the system of Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1869), who applied it to his doctrine that the will does not die but manifests itself afresh in new individuals. He thus repudiates the primitive metempsychosis doctrine which maintains the reincarnation of the particular soul. (...). ~ (2012 Wikipedia Encyclopaedia).

• palingenesia (n.): same as palingenesis; [e.g.]: “The restoration of Herodotus to his place in literature, his Palingenesia, has been no caprice”. (De Quincy, “Herodotus”). [Medieval Latin: see palingenesy; viz.: from Medieval Latin palingenesia, from Greek παλιγγενεσια, ‘new birth’, from πάλιν, ‘again’, + γένεσις, ‘birth’]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• palingenesis (n.): 1. a new or second birth or production; the state of being born again; regeneration; [e.g.]: “Out of the ruined lodge and forgotten mansion, bowers that are trodden underfoot, and pleasure-houses that are dust, the poet calls up a palingenesis”. (Thomas de De Quincey); “New institutions spring up, upon which thought acts, and in and through which it even draws nearer to a final unity, a rehabilitation, a palingenesis”. (Encyc. Brit., III. 286); 2. (in modern biology): hereditary evolution, as distinguished from kenogenesis (i.e., caenogenesis) or vitiated evolution; ontogenesis true to heredity, not modified by adaptation; the “breeding true” of an individual organism with reference to its pedigree; the development of the individual according to the character of its lineage; see biogeny; sometimes called palingeny; [e.g.]: “To the original, simple descent he [Ernst Haeckel] applies the term palingenesis; to the modified and later growth, cœnogenesis”. (Edward Drinker Coloe, 1840-1897, “Origin of the Fittest”, p. 126); 3†. the supposed production of animals either from a pre-existent living organism, on which they are parasites, or from putrescent animal matter”. (William Thomas Brande & George William Cox, “Dictionary of Science, Literature, and Art”; 4); (in entomology): metaboly or metamorphosis; the entire transformation of an insect, or transition from one state to another, in each of which the insect has a different form. [New Latin, from Greek πάλιν, ‘again’, + γένεσις, ‘production’; cf. palingenesy]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• palingeny (n.): same as palingenesis². [from Greek πάλιν, ‘again’, + γενεια, from -γενής, ‘producing’: see -geny]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• palingenesy (n.): same as palingenesis. [= French palingénésie = Spanish, Italian palingenesia, from Medieval Latin palingenesia, from Greek παλιγγενεσια, ‘new birth’, from πάλιν, ‘again’, + γένεσις, ‘birth’; see genesis]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• palingenesian (adj.): same as palingenetic. [from palingenesis + -ian]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• palingenetic (adj.): of or pertaining to palingenesis; palingenetic process: see the quotation; [e.g.]: “The term palingenetic process (or reproduction of the history of the germ) is applied to all such phenomena in the history of the germ as are exactly reproduced, in consequence of conservative heredity, in each succeeding generation, and which, therefore, enable us to directly infer the corresponding processes in the tribal history of the developed ancestors”. (Ernst Haeckel, “The Evolution of Man” (trans.), Vol. I., page 10). [from palingenesis, after genetic]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• palingenetically (adv.): in a palingenetic manner; by palingenesis. (Ernst Haeckel). ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• palingenesist (n.): one who believes in palingenesis in some form. [from palingenes(is) + -ist]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• palingenetic regeneration: see regeneration (viz.: the regeneration of a lost part by a series of changes like those by which the part was formed originally; [e.g.]: “That form of regeneration which has been considered above may be described as palingenetic, for it pursues the course taken by the primary or embryonic development; but as soon as it leaves this course and takes a shorter one, it may be distinguished as coenogenetic”. (August Weismann, 1834-1914, “Germ-Plasm”, 1892, (trans.), p. 108). ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• palingenic (adj.; rare): of or pertaining to the past or ancestral history of organisms; palingenetic. [from palingen(esis) + -ic]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• palingenic variation: see variation (viz.: variation which has its origin, either directly or indirectly, in past or ancestral history; [e.g.]: “The most profound gap in time is between ‘palingenic variations’, springing from the past history of the individual, and ‘cenogenic variations’, which have to do only with present and future history”. (Henry Fairfield Osborn, 1857-1935, “Nine Biological Lectures, Wood’s Holl, Summer 1895”, p. 84). ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

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• reincarnation (n.): rebirth, metempsychosis, palingenesis, transmigration of souls; [e.g.]: “Many African tribes believe in reincarnation”. ~ (Collins English Thesaurus).

• metempsychosis (n.): 1. the passage of a soul from one body to another; 2. the rebirth of the soul at death in another body, either human or animal; (adj.): metempsychic, metempsychosic, metempsychosical; cf. creationism (viz.: the belief concerning the creation by a transcendent God of the universe, matter, and living organisms out of nothing; (n.): creationist; (adj.): creationistic; creationism theology: a doctrine that the biblical God creates a new soul for every human being born; cf. metempsychosis). [Late Latin metempsȳchōsis, from Greek metempsūkhōsis, metempsȳchō-, variant singular of metempsūkhousthai, ‘to pass from one body into another’, ‘to transmigrate’, from meta- + empsūkhos, ‘animate’, from en, ‘in’ + psūkhē, ‘soul’]. ~ (Ologies & Isms Dictionary).

• rebirth (n.): 1. after death the soul begins a new cycle of existence in another human body; (synonym): metempsychosis; 2. a second or new birth; (synonyms): reincarnation, renascence; transmigration (the passing of a soul into another body after death); cycle of rebirth (Hinduism; repeated rebirth in new forms); 3. the revival of learning and culture; (synonyms): Renaissance, Renascence; resurgence, revitalisation, revival, revivification (bringing again into activity and prominence); [e.g.]: “the revival of trade”; “a revival of a neglected play by Moliere”; “the Gothic revival in architecture”; 4. a spiritual enlightenment causing a person to lead a new life; (synonyms): spiritual rebirth, conversion; redemption, salvation (theology: the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil); proselytism (the state of being a proselyte; spiritual rebirth resulting from the zeal of crusading advocacy of the gospel). ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0).

• transmigration (n.): 1. the act of transmigrating; 2. the passage of a soul after death into another body; metempsychosis. [1250-1300; Middle English transmigracion, from Late Latin trānsmigrātiō, ‘removal’, from Latin trānsmigrant-, singular of trānsmigrāns, present participle of trānsmigrāre, ‘to depart’, ‘migrate’, from Latin migrāre, ‘to change one’s abode’ + -tion]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary).


Palter

• ‘palter: deal crookedly or evasively; use trickery’. ~ (Oxford Dictionary).

• ‘palter: to talk or act insincerely or deceitfully; lie or use trickery’. ~ (Infoplease Dictionary).

• ‘palter: to act insincerely or deceitfully’. ~ (Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary).

• ‘palter: to talk or act insincerely or misleadingly; equivocate; see synonyms at lie [to evade or depart from the truth]’. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary).

• ‘palter: to act or talk insincerely or deceitfully’. ~ (Encarta Dictionary).


Paltericity:

paltericity (n.): 1. shiftiness, trickiness, babblement; as in, the speech or behaviour of a palterer⁽⁰¹⁾; 2. palterly language or conduct; viz.: palterly (adv.): in the manner of a palterer (i.e., a shifty trickster, an insincere trifler, an equivocatory babbler). ~ (Online Neoteric Dictionary).

⁽⁰¹⁾palterer (n.): one who palters⁽⁰²⁾ or equivocates; an insincere dealer; a shifty person; a trifler; a trickster; [e.g.]: “There be of you, it may be, that will account me a palterer, for hanging out the sign of the red-herring in my title-page, and no such feast towards for aught you can see”. (Thomas Nashe, “Nashe’s Lenten Stuffe”⁽*⁾, 1599; London); “Vile palterer with the sacred truth of God, | Be thy soul choked with that blaspheming lie!” (Percy Bysshe Shelley, “The Cenci, A Tragedy, in Five Acts”, 1819).~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

⁽*⁾[http://www.oxford-shakespeare.com/Nashe/Nashes_Lenten_Stuff.pdf].

⁽⁰²⁾palter (v.): I. (intr.v.): 1. to talk in a trifling manner; babble; 2. to talk insincerely; equivocate; trifle; shift; use trickery; II. (tr.v.): 1. to fashion by trickery; patch up; 2. to trifle away; use or spend in a paltry manner; squander. [formerly also paulter]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).


Panacea:

panacea: a remedy for all diseases; a thing for solving all difficulties or adopted in every case of difficulty. (Oxford Dictionary).


Paranoia:

paranoia (n.): 1. a mental disorder characterised by systematised delusions ascribing hostile intentions to others, often linked with a sense of mission; 2. baseless or excessive distrust of others. [1805-15; from New Latin from Greek ánoia, ‘madness’]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary).


Paraphrasis:

• paraphrasis (n.; rare): a rewording of something written or spoken. ~ (Oxford English Dictionary).

• paraphrasis (n.; rare): a rewording of something written or spoken; a paraphrase; [e.g.]: “A number of observations serve to emphasise that paraphrasis was an accepted way not only of adding ornamentation to a text, but also of altering it and of making pure inventions”. ~ (Oxford English Dictionary).


Parenthesis:

• parenthesis (n.): a phrase, often explanatory or qualifying, inserted into a passage with which it is not grammatically connected, and marked off by brackets, dashes, etc. (adj.): parenthetic, parenthetical; (adv.): parenthetically. [C16: via Late Latin fr. Greek: ‘something placed in besides’, fr. parentithenai: para- + en- + tithenai, ‘to put’]. (Collins Dictionary).


Pariahdom:

pariahdom (n.): the state or condition of a pariah or outcast. [origin: Late 19th century; earliest use found in John Addington Symonds (1840-1893), writer and advocate of sexual reform; from pariah + -dom]. ~ (Oxford English Dictionary).


Patronise:

• patronise (tr.v.; patronised, patronising): to behave in an offensively condescending manner toward; (n.): patroniser, patronisation; (adv.): patronisingly. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary).

• patronise (tr.v.; patronised, patronising, patronises): to treat in a condescending manner, often in showing interest or kindness that is insincere; [e.g.]: “felt she was being patronised by her supervisor”; (n.): patronisation; (adv.): patronisingly. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary).

• patronise (v.): to behave or treat in a condescending way. ~ (Collins English Dictionary).

• patronise (v.): talk down to, look down on, treat as inferior, treat like a child, be lofty with, treat condescendingly; [e.g.]: “a doctor who does not patronise his patients”. ~ (Collins English Thesaurus).

• patronise (v.): to treat in a superciliously indulgent manner; (synonyms): condescend; (informal): high-hat; (idiom): speak down to. ~ (American Heritage Roget’s Thesaurus).

• don’t patronise me (idiom): don’t condescend to me; don’t talk to me as if I were stupid; [e.g.]: “Sales Clerk: ‘Sir, you just need to put your card in the reader there, and then type in your personal identification number when it prompts you to’; Customer: ‘Don’t patronise me, I know how to use one of these!’”. ~ (Farlex Dictionary of Idioms).


Peace:

peace (noun): freedom from disturbance or perturbation, esp. as a condition of an individual; quiet, tranquillity (serenity, calmness, placidity, imperturbability); freedom from mental, spiritual, or emotional disturbance; calm. ~ (Oxford Dictionary).

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Peaceable:

peaceable (adjective): 1. a: disposed to peace: not contentious or quarrelsome; b: quietly behaved; 2: marked by freedom from strife or disorder. (© 1994-1998 Encyclopaedia Britannica).


Pearler:

pearler (n.): 1. a person who dives for or trades in pearls; 2. a boat used while searching for pearls; 3. (informal Australia): something impressive; [e.g.]: “that shot was a real pearler”. ~ (Collins English Dictionary).


Pentateuch/Prophets/Hagiographa:

• Pentateuch (n.): the first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures; the Torah; (adj.): Pentateuchal. [Middle English Pentateuke, from Late Latin Pentateuchus, from Greek Pentateukhos, from penta- + teukhos, ‘implement’, ‘vessel’, ‘scroll case’]. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary).

• Pentateuch (n.): the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit; (synonyms): Laws, Torah; (related words): Book of Genesis, Genesis (the first book of the Old Testament: tells of Creation; Adam and Eve; the Fall of Man; Cain and Abel; Noah and the flood; God’s covenant with Abraham; Abraham and Isaac; Jacob and Esau; Joseph and his brothers); Book of Exodus, Exodus (the second book of the Old Testament: tells of the departure of the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt led by Moses; God gave them the Ten Commandments and the rest of Mosaic law on Mount Sinai during the Exodus); Book of Leviticus, Leviticus (the third book of the Old Testament; contains Levitical law and ritual precedents); Book of Numbers, Numbers (the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt); Book of Deuteronomy, Deuteronomy (the fifth book of the Old Testament; contains a second statement of Mosaic law). ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0).

• Pentateuch (n.): the first five books of the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy; compare Prophets⁽⁰¹⁾, Hagiographa⁽⁰²⁾; (adj.): Pentateuchal. [from Late Latin Pentateuchus, from Late Greek pentáteuchos, from Greek penta- + teûchos, ‘tool’, ‘vessel’; Late Greek: ‘scroll case book’]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary).

⁽⁰¹⁾Prophets (n.; used with a singular verb): the canonical group of prophetic books that forms the second of the three Jewish divisions of the Old Testament; compare Pentateuch, Hagiographa. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary).

⁽⁰²⁾Hagiographa (n.; used with a singular verb): the third of the three Jewish divisions of the Old Testament, variously arranged, but usu. comprising the Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Solomon, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, and Chronicles; also called the Writings; compare Pentateuch, Prophets. [from Late Latin, from Greek: ‘sacred writings’]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary).


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